Naga Pratishta or Sarpa Samskara is required if a family was intentionally or unintentionally involved in harming a snake in the past. The snake is considered to hold a soul, similar to that of a human.
For appropriate deliverance of such a soul, Naga Pratishta is strongly recommended. This can be observed in natal charts when different planets fall between Rahu and Ketu, and is closely related to Sarpa Dosha and Kaal Sarpa Dosha.
Naga Pratishta involves the consecration and installation rite performed to absolve the family from the ill effects of past harm to a snake, guided by Guruji at the temple.
They're closely related — Naga Pratishta is often performed as part of the broader Sarpa Dosha remedy. Guruji can advise on what your family specifically needs.
Most Naga Pratishta rituals are completed in a single day.